Disgraced Theranos founder Elizabeth Holmes is back in the news, dominating the screen in You Can See Everything which recently opened to critical acclaim and surprising box office success. As voyeuristic entertainment the film delivers, allowing viewers to see and believe what they want to see and believe. By focusing so intently on Holmes’s unknowable state of mind, however, the film leaves a critical question unanswered: Why did so many experienced investors and respected public figures disregard mounting evidence of Holmes’s deception, thereby enabling and helping perpetuate her devastating fraud?

When we dwell on Holmes’s pathology, as the film invites us to do, we risk overlooking the flaws in the startup ecosystem that helped propel the Theranos ruse, flaws that have contributed to other major startup scandals. My book, Untamed Unicorns: Why Startup Finance is Broken and How to Fix It (Harvard University Press), analyzes the legal structure that contributes to startup fraud, shifting the spotlight from the colorful personalities that animate these stories to the decades of deregulation of securities markets that helped set the stage for Theranos and similar scandals.

(more…)