Yearly Archives: 2026

Chancery Finds Funds Liable for Aiding Directors’ Fiduciary Breaches

Gail Weinstein is a Senior Counsel, Philip Richter is a Partner, and Steven Epstein is the Managing Partner at Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP. This post is based on a Fried Frank memorandum by Ms. Weinstein, Mr. Richter, Mr. Epstein, Steven SteinmanMaxwell Yim, and Hannah Reiner; and is part of the Delaware law series; links to other posts in the series are available here.

In Guilbeau v. Footprint (May 11, 2026), the Court of Chancery held, at the pleading stage of litigation, that it was reasonable to infer that certain directors of Footprint International Holdco, Inc., a non-controlled Delaware corporation (the “Company”), breached their fiduciary duties when they approved a Company financing (the “Financing”) that was proposed, and largely funded, by three institutional investors (the “Funds”) that were among the Company’s largest stockholders. The court also held that the Funds may have aided and abetted the directors’ breaches, acting through their designees on the Company’s board.

The Financing raised $500 million ($450 million of it from the Funds) through the issuance of a new class of preferred stock (the “Class F Stock”), at a time the Company was verging on insolvency. The Financing was recommended by a three-member special committee of independent directors (the “Committee”) and approved by the full ten-person board of directors (the “Board”) (which included one designee from each of the three Funds—collectively, the “Fund Designees). As would be typical in connection with this type of financing, the Company provided special benefits to the Funds and to two large stockholders (“ZenCap” and “Koch”) who had blocking rights.

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ISS Calls It Dilution. It Isn’t

Jessica Pollock is a Senior Research Associate at FCLTGlobal. This post is based on her FCLTGlobal memorandum.

Using equity as part of employee compensation reinforces an ownership culture across the employee base. And ownership by employees, executives, and board members has been shown to create value over the long term. Having “skin in the game” is largely considered a good idea. Yet, companies often receive pushback from proxy advisors such as ISS that issuing shares to provide equity to their team causes dilution, even if the companies repurchase an equal number of shares in the marketplace.

How can there be dilution when the number of shares issued and the number repurchased line up?

ISS’s dilution formula produces a figure closer to gross share issuance than net dilution. For companies with active buyback programs and broad-based equity plans, the gap between the two can be significant enough to drive an Against recommendation that doesn’t reflect economic reality.

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When Stock Prices Become Targets: Earnings Management and Price Informativeness in China

Zhiguo He is the James Irvin Miller Professor of Finance at Stanford University; Wenxi Jiang is a Professor of Finance at the Chinese University of Hong Kong Business School; and Wei Xiong is the John H. Scully ’66 Professor in Finance and Professor of Economics at Princeton University. This post is based on their recent paper.

China’s stock market appears to predict future corporate earnings, but this predictability does not necessarily mean prices are a clean “crystal ball” for fundamentals. High valuations also appear to pressure firms to cater to investor expectations by inflating reported earnings, especially through non-recurring gains and losses. The result is a distinctive pattern: short-run earnings predictability followed by longer-run reversal, suggesting that price informativeness and earnings management can reinforce each other.

Can stock markets discipline firms and allocate capital efficiently when the accounting system is still developing? This question is central to current debates about China’s capital markets. Policymakers have sought to make the A-share market a more important venue for financing innovation, disciplining listed firms, and giving households a larger stake in corporate growth. At the same time, China’s equity market remains known for speculative trading, retail investor dominance, weak delisting discipline in earlier years, and recurring concerns about the quality of listed firms’ financial reports.

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Form PF Amendments Signal Slimmer Private Fund Reporting

Marc Ponchione and Sheena Paul are Partners and Juliet Han is a Counsel at Debevoise & Plimpton LLP. This post is based on a Debevoise memorandum by Mr. Ponchione, Ms. Paul, Ms. Han, Kristin Snyder, Jonathan Adler, and Ali Nierenberg.

Background

On April 20, 2026, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC,” and together with the SEC, the “Commissions”) jointly proposed amendments to Form PF (the “Proposed Amendments”) that, if adopted, would significantly reduce reporting burdens for many private fund advisers. The Proposed Amendments appear designed to realign Form PF more closely with one of its core purposes: providing information for the Financial Stability Oversight Council’s assessment of systemic risk. The relief is a welcome change for investment advisers, and the SEC’s request for comment on a diversity of issues signals its willingness to engage with industry and stakeholders on practical solutions in a new era of a slightly slimmed down Form PF.

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Considerations for Shareholder Proposals in a Post-Rule 14a-8 World

Elizabeth Ising, Ronald Mueller, and Julia Lapitskaya are Partners at Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP. This is a post by Ms. Ising, Mr. Mueller, Ms. Lapitskaya, and Michael Svedman.

Over the last year, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has indicated[1] its intent to engage in rulemaking regarding Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Rule 14a-8”), which governs when a public company is required to include a shareholder’s proposal and supporting statement in its proxy statement and include the proposal on its proxy card.[2]

While SEC amendments to Rule 14a-8 historically focused on procedural and substantive requirements, recent comments by SEC Chairman Paul Atkins have questioned the role of the rule in the context of state corporate law.[3] Moreover, the statutory basis for the rule itself has come under question, particularly to the extent that it has produced a body of federal “common law” on “proper” proposal subject matters. Coupled with an executive order issued by President Donald Trump in December 2025 directing the SEC, among other things, to review all rules and guidance relating to Rule 14a-8,[4] these comments raise the possibility that the SEC will seek to rescind Rule 14a-8.[5] As a result, shareholder proponents and companies are increasingly evaluating the prospect of a world where shareholder proposals are submitted outside of the Rule 14a-8 framework.

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Investor Activists Are Now Targeting Your AI Strategy

Julia Dixon is Vice President at Edelman Smithfield. This post is based on an Edelman Smithfield memorandum by Ms. Dixon, Patrick Ryan, Lex Suvanto, Christine O’Brien, and Stacy Turnof.

Artificial intelligence is emerging as a new attack theme for shareholder activists. What many companies frame as a long-term innovation story is increasingly being viewed by activists as a short-term lever to drive unlock cost savings, improve productivity and accelerate growth. Activists are now targeting companies that are not moving fast enough to capture these benefits and not sufficiently communicating their efforts to the market.

Early signs of this were visible during the 2026 proxy season as several activists made AI-related themes a central topic in their campaigns. In February, Starboard Value sent a letter to TripAdvisor arguing that the company should move faster to deploy AI capabilities, noting “we have repeatedly communicated that the status quo pace of change is unacceptable in an environment where speed matters and where incumbents are at risk of being disintermediated.”

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We’re Not Rolling the Dice in Nevada

Craig Randall is General Counsel at RA Capital Management. This post is based on his RA Capital memorandum.

As General Counsel of a life sciences investment fund, I’m routinely asked by company founders if they should incorporate somewhere in the US other than Delaware. That is not a question I really had to think about until a couple of years ago, when the “Dexit” crusade really got started. And it accelerated when a very prominent venture capital firm announced last year that it had moved its management company to Nevada and urged others to follow in its footsteps.

Our answer remains: Delaware – without any disclaimers or reservations. Our management company is domiciled in Delaware, and we still think Delaware is the best place for high growth, venture-backed companies to incorporate.

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ESG and Anti-ESG Shareholder Proposals in 2026

Jennifer Zepralka is a Partner, and Ali Perry and Liz Walsh are Counsels at Mayer Brown LLP. This post was prepared for the Forum by Ms. Perry, Ms. Walsh, Ms. Zepralka, Milly Kim, and Anna Pinedo.

In many ways, the 2026 proxy season has been markedly different than prior seasons, due, in no small part, to the November 2025 decision by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Staff not to provide substantive guidance on the grounds on which a company could omit a shareholder proposal under most prongs of Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).  This change in the SEC’s approach created a new dynamic between companies and proponents, including with respect to the level of engagement between the parties and the factors a company must consider in determining whether to include a proposal in its proxy statement.  What is not different from the 2025 proxy season, though, is the prevalence of “anti-ESG” shareholder proposals submitted to public companies.  These proposals are generally critical of, or question the value of, company policies or initiatives related to environmental, social or governance (“ESG”) factors, including how the company discloses, reacts to and manages ESG-related risks and policies, such as, for example, risks related to carbon emissions, as well as policies addressing diversity, shareholder rights and corporate social responsibility.[1]  As of the midpoint of the 2026 proxy season, “anti-ESG” proposals are very common, just as they have been in recent years.

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The 2026 Proxy Season in Progress

Blair Jones and Austin Vanbastelaer are Managing Directors and Nathan Grantz is a Consultant at Semler Brossy.

Introduction

At first blush, this appears to be just another proxy season. The overall failure rates for the Russell 3000 and S&P 500 companies in Say on Pay, director election, and equity plan proposal votes remain low. Vote results are roughly in line with recent historical outcomes, and proxy advisors and large investor stewardship groups largely align on the pay-related topics that should receive low vote support. Some may have anticipated greater disruption, given that the leading proxy advisory firms, ISS and Glass Lewis, have been facing increasing political and governance pressures. Additionally, several prominent investors have opted to disregard their recommendations and establish their own review processes.

Our findings suggest a more nuanced picture than a simple story of proxy advisor decline. On one hand, it appears increasingly acceptable for companies to receive an ‘Against’ recommendation from ISS on share request proposals without risking a failed vote, a meaningful shift from prior seasons. On the other hand, granting one-time awards to Named Executive Officers (NEOs) remains a lightning-rod issue, drawing direct investor scrutiny that operates largely independent of proxy advisors. Where low Say on Pay results do occur, we continue to observe reduced vote support for compensation committee chairs, reinforcing that director accountability remains a live mechanism even as its use stays selective READ MORE »

Director Elections: All Quiet on the Proxy Front, but Will It Last?

Rajeev Kumar is a Senior Managing Director at Georgeson, and Meighan McGowan is the Head of Business Development for Investor Engagement North America at Computershare.

For many US public companies, the 2026 proxy season has been notably calm in two areas that boards and management teams watch closely: director elections and ‘say on pay’.

Director nominees continue to receive strong shareholder support, and executive compensation programs have been passing at high rates. At first glance, the results suggest that investors remain broadly supportive of management on these core annual meeting items.

That conclusion is accurate, but incomplete.

The evolving dynamics of proxy voting. The underlying voting environment is changing – from changes in proxy advisor models to investor stewardship practices and fresh regulatory approaches.

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