Author Archives: Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance and Financial Regulation

Theory, Evidence, and Policy on Dual-Class Shares: A Country-Specific Response to a Global Debate

Dual-class shares have become one of the most controversial issues in corporate governance and capital markets around the world. On the one hand, a tough regulatory competition to attract IPOs has led many stock exchanges, including the Singapore Exchange (SGX) and the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (HKEX), to revise their regulatory framework to allow […]

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Director Nominations and Overbroad Questionnaires

On June 27, 2019, the Delaware Chancery Court entered an injunction requiring the boards of trustees (the “Boards”) of two closed-end investment funds (the “Funds”) to count the votes in favor of director candidates nominated by shareholder Saba Capital at the annual meetings scheduled for July 8, 2019. In the case captioned Saba Capital Master Fund, […]

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The Test of Time: Adapting to a New Era of Executive Compensation

Since the passage of Dodd-Frank in 2010, there have been a number of regulations around executive compensation and performance that have left a tremendous influence on executive pay plans. The ever-evolving world of executive compensation oftentimes puts companies in a precarious predicament as decisions on pay could have an ample impact across an entire organization. […]

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Increased Shareholder Activism at Banking Organizations?

On April 23, 2019, the Federal Reserve Board (the “FRB”) invited public comment on a proposal to revise the FRB’s rules for determining whether an entity controls a bank or bank holding company (“banking organization”) for purposes of the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “Act”). The proposal is intended to clarify, […]

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EVA as a Performance Measure in Executive Incentive Plans

Economic Value Added (EVA) is a measure of a business enterprise’s economic performance based on what is added to that enterprise’s value by its operating earnings (net of tax) reduced by the enterprise’s “capital costs.” The concept of EVA was introduced in the 1980s by the management consulting firm of Stern Stewart & Co. That […]

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Shareholders and Stakeholders Around the World: The Role of Values, Culture, and Law in Directors’ Decisions

Controversies over the right way to handle shareholder and stakeholder relations have never been deeper despite decades of debate. In recent work, Nobel laureate Oliver Hart discusses whether, and should, “the board of directors of a public company [has] a legal duty to maximize shareholder value?” In mid-2016, The Wall Street Journal ran a story […]

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Weekly Roundup: July 5–11

2019 Midyear M&A Trends Posted by Stephen F. Arcano, Christopher M. Barlow, and Allison R. Schneirov, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, on Friday, July 5, 2019 Tags: Antitrust, CFIUS, Cross-border transactions, DOJ, FTC, Hart-Scott-Rodino Act, Mergers & acquisitions, Private equity, Securities litigation, Shareholder activism Uber vs. Lyft: Who’s at the Wheel? Posted by Ric Marshall, MSCI Inc., on Friday, July 5, 2019 Tags: Boards of Directors, Controlling […]

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Mens Rea for Investment Advisers Act Violations

On April 30, 2019, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit issued its decision in The Robare Group, Ltd., et al. v. Securities and Exchange Commission. The court’s ruling upheld the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (the Commission’s or the SEC’s) holding that the defendants violated Section 206(2) of the Investment […]

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Opt-In Stewardship: Toward an Optimal Delegation of Mutual Fund Voting Authority

Corporate ownership in the U.S. has been re-institutionalized. Individual investors are now much less likely than they once were to hold shares of corporations directly. Instead, individuals now typically invest through mutual funds, especially index funds. As a result, mutual funds now own about one-third of the total U.S. stock market, and the “Big Three” […]

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Bad Faith Monitoring on Food Safety Issues

In a decision issued [June 19, 2019] in Marchand v. Barnhill et al., No. 533, 2018 (Del. June 19, 2019), the Delaware Supreme Court reversed the dismissal of a stockholder derivative lawsuit against the members of the board of directors and two officers of Blue Bell Creameries USA, Inc., a leading manufacturer of ice cream […]

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