Author Archives: Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance and Financial Regulation

CBS-NAI Dispute, Part III: Can Stockholders Rely on Stock Exchange Rules to Prevent Dilution of Their Voting and Economic Interests?

As described in a prior post, on May 17, 2018, the majority of the CBS board (other than the three directors with ties to NAI) considered and purported to approve a dividend of a fraction of a Class A (voting) share to be paid to holders of both CBS’s Class A (voting) common stock and […]

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Trademarks in Entrepreneurial Finance

Trademarks are an important determinant of the economic value created by firms. A trademark is a word, symbol, or other signifier used to distinguish a good or service produced by one firm from the goods or services of other firms. Firms use trademarks to differentiate their products from those of other firms, reduce search costs […]

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Tokens and the Extraterritorial Reach of US Securities Laws

Token issuers often sell their securities offshore and consider such sales to be exempt from US securities regulation.  But this raises the question of location—are the token sales in fact outside the US for securities law purposes?  In In re Tezos Securities Litigation , a class action lawsuit brought by investors alleging that the tokens sold in […]

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Posted in International Corporate Governance & Regulation, Practitioner Publications, Securities Litigation & Enforcement, Securities Regulation | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , | 1 Comment

Open Letter: Commonsense Corporate Governance Principles 2.0

A little more than two years ago, we published the Commonsense Principles of Corporate Governance That work represented a collaborative effort—a search for common ground—by representatives of some of America’s largest corporations and institutional investors. We said then, and it is no less true today, that the long-term prosperity of millions of American workers, retirees […]

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Posted in Accounting & Disclosure, Boards of Directors, Corporate Elections & Voting, Executive Compensation, Institutional Investors, Practitioner Publications | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , | Comments Off on Open Letter: Commonsense Corporate Governance Principles 2.0

Managing the Narrative: Investor Relations Officers and Corporate Disclosure

Although investor relations officers (IROs) play an important role in managing corporate communications with important stakeholders and in helping their companies achieve an appropriate valuation, the academic literature on investor relations is only in its early stages. IROs are responsible for communicating with the investment community and shaping the company narrative. As a result, IROs […]

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Contracting Out of Appraisal Rights

In a recent opinion, the Delaware Court of Chancery, for the first time, held that contractual provisions in stockholder agreements barring common stockholders from exercising their statutory appraisal rights are enforceable as a matter of law, so long as the stockholders voluntarily signed the stockholder agreement in return for consideration, such as investment in the company. […]

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Lazard’s Review of Shareholder Activism—2018 3Q YTD

Key Observations on the Activist Environment through 3Q 2018 Record Level of Companies Targeted Activists targeted 174 companies in the first three quarters of 2018, surpassing 169 companies targeted in all of 2017 26% more campaigns initiated YTD over 2017 YTD, representing capital deployment of $53.8bn, in-line with 2017 YTD levels Nonetheless, 3Q witnessed a […]

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Insider Trading and the Integrity of Mandatory Disclosure

For decades, two theories have shaped insider trading regulation. The first argues that insider trading should be prohibited because unequal access to information corrupts the integrity of markets. The second views trading on inside information as misappropriating property belonging to the corporation. Neither approach is entirely satisfying. The market integrity theory does not address the […]

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A Watershed Development for “Material Adverse Effect” Clauses

On October 1, 2018, in Akorn, Inc. v. Fresenius Kabi AG, the Delaware Court of Chancery determined conclusively for the first time that a buyer had validly terminated a merger agreement due to the occurrence of a “material adverse effect” (MAE). Though the decision represents a seminal development in M&A litigation generally, Vice Chancellor Laster […]

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Cybersecurity Disclosure Benchmarking

Boards, executives, investors, regulators and other governance stakeholders have expressed growing interest in understanding how companies guard against, plan for and respond to cybersecurity incidents. As cybersecurity threats evolve and risks become more complex and widespread, focus on corporate disclosures in public filings on the subject likely will intensify. Cybersecurity crime is an increasing threat […]

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