Author Archives: Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance and Financial Regulation

The Perennial Quest for Board Independence: Artificial Intelligence to the Rescue?

The question of the ideal composition of company boards is unlikely to have the perfect answer. While the need for independent directors was emphasized in the early nineties and continues to be emphasized even today, additional new ideas have crept in. The idea of board diversity and especially gender diversity has become popular in recent […]

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Proposed Changes for the Federal Reserve’s Control Analysis

On April 23, 2019, the Federal Reserve Board (the “Board”) released for public comment proposed changes to its longstanding positions on the exercise of controlling influence under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHC Act”) (the “Proposal”). The Proposal holds promise for simplification of structures and promoting investment activity in the […]

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Gender Diversity in Silicon Valley

Fenwick & West has released its updated study about gender diversity on boards and executive management teams of companies in the technology and life science companies included in the Silicon Valley 150 Index and very large public companies included in the Standard & Poor’s 100 Index. The Fenwick Gender Diversity Survey uses 23 years of data to […]

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Short-Term Investors, Long-Term Investments, and Firm Value: Evidence from Russell 2000 Index Inclusions

Survey evidence documents that many executives are willing to take short-term actions that are detrimental to long-term firm value, such as cutting long-term investment, in response to short-term pressures by investors. (See Graham, John R., Campbell R. Harvey, and Shiva Rajgopal, 2005, The economic implications of corporate financial reporting, Journal of Accounting and Economics 40, […]

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Recent Trends in Off-Shore Targeted US Class Actions

Despite being headquartered abroad—and in some cases having a minimal connection with the United States—companies based outside the U.S. have still become targets in securities class actions filed in the U.S., even when the crux of the allegations occurs outside the country. Although 2018 saw a slight decrease in securities class action litigation on the […]

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Realizable Pay: Insights into Performance Alignment

How much compensation does a CEO really end up with? It’s a tough question to answer—the summary compensation table is often cited as what the CEO is paid, but the ultimate value that an executive realized from those grants can differ significantly from the amounts disclosed. For years, companies have recognized this potential discrepancy; since […]

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Complex Compliance Investigations

There are a variety of accepted understandings—both within industry and academic scholarship—about what is necessary for the creation of an effective compliance program. However, when one considers the many significant compliance failures—think Wells Fargo’s fraudulently opened accounts or General Motors’s faulty ignition switch—that continue to occur despite the adoption of increasingly sophisticated internal compliance programs, […]

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Economic Value Added: What Companies Should Know

Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS) is adding Economic Value Added (EVA) metrics in its proxy research reports this year, which is causing many companies to wonder: What is EVA? Why is ISS interested in EVA, and how will it be used? And what should boards and management do about it? What is EVA? Simply put, EVA […]

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Engaging With Your Investors

In addition to traditional Investor Relations roadshows focused on financial performance, companies and boards are now expected to conduct governance and sustainability roadshows that reach out to institutional stewardship teams as well as portfolio managers. For issuers, these engagements require the commitment of significant resources internally, including valuable board time. For investors, the expansion of […]

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The SEC’s Position on Digital Assets

On April 3, 2019, the Strategic Hub for Innovation and Financial Technology (“FinHub”) of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) published two pieces of guidance on when a blockchain-enabled digital asset will, or will not, be considered a security. The first piece of guidance (the “TKJ No-Action Letter”) was a no-action letter issued by […]

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