Author Archives: Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance and Financial Regulation

Activist Investing in Europe—2017 Edition

By the end of September, 2017 had seen more than 100 European-based companies publicly subjected to shareholder demands. Reached slightly later this year than last, and much earlier than in 2015, that milestone signals that if activism in Europe has lost its capacity to shock, its future also looks secure. Activity is still a long […]

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CEO Gender and Corporate Board Structures

In our article, CEO Gender and Corporate Board Structure (forthcoming in the Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance), we investigate the relationship between the gender of the CEO and corporate board structures. In recent years, women have made strides in cracking the glass ceiling in leadership positions in corporate America. Female CEOs have been appointed […]

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Pay-for-Performance Mechanics

Following the implementation of mandated advisory shareholder votes on executive compensation under the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010, investors have regular opportunities to opine on executive pay programs. Investor feedback on the issue of pay-for-performance has indicated a preference for a focus on long-term alignment, board decision-making, and pay relative both to market peers and company […]

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Compensation Season 2018

Boards of directors and their compensation committees will soon shift attention to the 2018 compensation season. Key considerations in the year ahead include the following: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Implications. The new tax law has significantly altered the compensation design landscape. Notable implications of the new tax law include: No Performance-Based Exception to §162(m). […]

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Analysis of SEC Ruling on Apple Shareholder Proposal

On November 1 2017, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) released guidance (Staff Legal Bulletin No. 14I (“SLB 14I”)) clarifying the scope and application of the ordinary business and economic relevance grounds for excluding a shareholder proposal under Rule 14a-8 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) from a company’s […]

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Managing the Family Firm: Evidence from CEOs at Work

Family Firms: An Obstacle to Growth?  Family firms are often seen as an engine of growth. For instance, the exceptional economic success of many European countries in the post-War period was characterized by the wide presence of family firms across the Continent. Particularly in countries like Germany and Italy, family ownership came to be seen […]

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Raising the Stakes on Board Gender Diversity

2017 has seen interest in board composition intensify. Investors have long scrutinized individual directors’ qualifications; however, increasingly they are asking how those individuals complement each other, and whether the overall board reflects a diverse mix of backgrounds, skills and qualifications. Investors want to know how boards ensure that they are recruiting directors whose expertise aligns […]

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Delaware Court Ruling on Dual-Class Recapitalization Involving Controlling Stockholders

On December 11, 2017, the Delaware Court of Chancery issued a decision that will be important for companies looking to implement measures to extend or make changes to dual-class voting structures and for companies with controlling stockholders. The decision addressed stockholder fiduciary duty challenges to a recapitalization undertaken by NRG Yield, Inc. (the “Company”), which, […]

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Does Size Matter? Bailouts with Large and Small Banks

The differential treatment of large financial institutions has drawn substantial interest in recent financial regulatory discussions. In particular, several regulatory measures put in place after the 2008 financial crisis have singled out large banks as subjects of increased regulatory scrutiny. At the same time, the U.S. banking industry has experienced a secular increase in concentration: […]

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Ineffective Stockholder Approval for Director Equity Awards

On December 13, 2017, the Delaware Supreme Court issued an opinion, In re Investors Bancorp, Inc. Stockholder Litigation, Case No. 169, holding that, except under limited circumstances, the court will not apply the deferential “business judgment rule” in reviewing challenges to director compensation awards granted pursuant to stockholder-approved equity plans. Instead, such awards are subject to […]

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